Depressive Disorders
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD)
DMDD is a condition frequently seen in children, marked by extreme anger and irritability, with frequent and intense temper outbursts. Children with DMDD are often misdiagnosed with bipolar disorder. However, outbursts in bipolar disorder only occurs during manic episodes. In between each episodes, a person returns to a regular level of emotion. On the other hand, a child with DMDD experiences irritation and anger most of the time.
Major Depressive Disorder
Major depressive disoder is often diagnosed when an individual has a persistently low or depressed mood.
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For major depressive disorder, diagnosis requires experiencing five or more of these symptoms over two weeks. At least one must include feeling sad or losing interest in activities:
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poor concentration
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feelings of excessive guilt or low self-worth
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hopelessness about the future
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thoughts about dying or suicide
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disrupted sleep
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changes in appetite or weight
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feeling very tired or low in energy
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Persistent depressive disorder (Dysthymia)
Dysthymia is classified as chronic depression with symptoms that may be less severe but last for at least two years.
In the DSM-IV, dysthymia is a serious state of chronic depression, usually persisting for at least two years (one year for children and adolescents). Dysthymia is not a minor form of major depressive disorder, and for some may be more disabling.
Other specified depressive disorder
Diagnosed when symptoms do not meet criteria for another depressive disorder but still cause significant life disruptions.
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder or PMDD, affect over 12% of woman before their menstrual cycle. Causes of PMDD is yet to be determined but is believed to be due to the changes in estrogen and progesterone levels in each monthly cycle. A severe form of PMDD includes symptoms like depression, irritability, and anxiety before menstruation, resolving after.
Substance/medication-induced depressive disorder
Depression symptoms caused by substance use or withdrawal. Symptoms often include low moods, lost of interest in previously enjoyed activities, changes in sleep patterns, feelings of guilt and thoughts of suicide.
Depressive disorder due to another medical condition
Many medical conditions can create changes in your body that cause depression. Possibly linked to medical conditions such as diabetes, a stroke, Parkinson's disease, cancer and others.
